Ochpaniztli is the first of the nine metztin of Tonalco, the dry season. Tonalco is dominated by the male principle. While the rain still falls during Ochpaniztli, we acknowedge and prepare for the fact that they will soon end, the vegetation will dry, the maize cease to bear fruit, and the power of Huitzilopochtli will grow. In the past, men went to war during Tonalco, and farmers hunted deer. As the metztli which marks the changing of the seasons, it is a time of cleansing, both spiritual and physical. At the beginning of Ochpaniztli the home is thoroughly swept, as a sign of renewal and purification. Ochpaniztli is also sacred to the temazcal, and during it temazcales are carried out and the temazcaleros give honor to Tlazolteotl and Chantico, the patrons of the temazcal. The patron of cleansing, whose sign is a broom and who rules over renewal, is Tlazolteotl, who appears in the ceremonies of Ochpaniztli dressed as Toci, Our Grandmother. She is a manifestation of Our Mother the Earth, and represents the dying season. At the end of Xopan, She sacrifices Herself and dies, in order to be reborn nine metztin later when the rains again begin to fall. During Ochpaniztli we acknowledge the death of the Earth, and the rise of the male principle to power. We dance to songs of war, and remember that we must pay our debt of nextlahualiztli, for in the coming metztin of Tonalco, Toci the Earth is tired, and does not have the energy to give us Her gift of life giving maize. We must use this season of Tonalco to repay our debt, to act generously towards Her in return for all She has given us in the season of rains.
The ceremonies of Ochpaniztli
During Ochpaniztli, we give honor to Toci, Our Grandmother, also called Teteo Inan, The Mother of the Teteo. She is a manifestation of Tlazolteotl. She rules over sexuality, decay, and entropy, and therefore also presides over the process of renewal and cleansing. We begin the xihuitl by sweeping our homes, and by giving thanks to Tlazolteotl for Her gift of renewal. We sweep our houses clean, and thereby cleanse ourselves.
On our altar we place an image of Toci, or of another manifestation of Our Mother the Earth, such as Coatlicue or Tlaltecuhtli. We give Her thanks for all the abundance She has given us, and cover Her with a yellow veil, for soon Her hair of verdant grass, which is to say, the emerald fields, will turn to yellow, and She will not have the strength to give us Her gift of maize. The veil is Her shroud, for She has died for our sake, having bloomed and given us all of Her energy and life. We thank Her for Her gift, and acknowledge Her sacrifice.
We make offerings to the Lords of Maize, Cinteotl and Chicomecoatl. They were born with the coming of the rains, They gave up Their bodies, Their sacred flesh, for us to eat, and now with the season of Tonalco They have died: We thank Them for Their sacrifice, for Their gift of life.
We make offerings to Iztlacoliuhqui, Our Lord the Curved Obsidian Blade, who is the Lord of Tonalco. He incarnates the principle of sacrifice, and we give honor to His teachings. He brings death in His wake, as the fields dry and Tonatiuh the Sun bakes the earth, for only through death can life be reborn. We give Him thanks for reminding us of our debt.
We partake in temazcales and ritual baths, in order to clean our flesh as we cleaned our houses. If we are temezcaleros, we give thanks to the Lords of Fire, who in this season of flame rule. We acknowledge the gifts of the Grandmother Stones, of Chantico, and of Tlazolteotl, They who cleanse us with gifts of steam and fire.
1 - Ochpaniztli - el Barrido, 4 a 23 de octubre de 2022
Ochpaniztli es el primero de las nueve metztin de Tonalco, la estación seca, que está gobernada por el principio masculino. Aunque llueve durante Ochpaniztli, reconocemos y nos preparamos para que termine pronto, la vegetación se seque, el maíz deje de traer frutos y el poder de Huitzilopochtli crezca. En Tonalco los hombres del pasado iban a la guerra y los cazadores buscaban al venado. Esta metztli maca el cambio de las estaciones, es un tiempo de limpieza física y espiritual. Al inicio de Ochpaniztli se barre la casa como signo de renovación y purificación. El tiempo de Ochpaniztli está dedicado al temazcal; se llevan a cabo ceremonias de temazcales en honor de Tlazoltéotl y Chantico, sus patronas. La deidad de la limpieza es Tlazoltéotl bajo Su advocación de Toci, cuyo símbolo es la escoba. Es una manifestación de Nuestra Madre Tierra durante el tiempo de secas. Al final de Xopan, se sacrifica y muere para renacer nueve metztin más tarde, cuando las lluvias regresan. Se danzan cantos de guerra, recordando nuestra deuda, que debe ser saldada a través de nextlahualiztli en los próximos meses de Tonalco. Toci, la Tierra, está exhausta y no tiene la energía para entregarnos el don del maíz. La temporada de Tonalco se debe emplear en el pago de nuestra deuda, actuando generosamente hacia la Tierra como respuesta a todo lo que nos da dado durante el tiempo de lluvia.
Ceremonias de Ochpaniztli
En Ochpaniztli honramos a Toci, Nuestra Abuela, también llamada Teteo Inan, Madre de las Teteo, Madre de los Teteo. Es una manifestación de Tlazoltéotl, regente de la sexualidad, la descomposición y la entropía, quien preside el proceso de renovación y limpieza. Iniciamos el xíhuitl limpiando nuestras casas y agradeciéndole a Tlazoltéotl Sus regalos. Al limpiar nuestras casas, nos limpiamos por dentro también.
En el altar se colocan imágenes de toci u otra manifestación de Nuestra Madre Tierra, como Coatlicue o Tlaltecuhtli. Se le agradece la abundancia que nos brinda y se le cubre con un velo amarillo que representa el cambio de color de Su cabello, la hierba, de verde a seco y no tendrá la fuerza que requiere para dar frutos. Este velo es Su sudario, pues Ella muere por nuestra causa, habiendo florecido y habiéndonos dado toda Su potencia. Le agradecemos Su don y reconocemos Su sacrificio.
Hacemos ofrendas a los Señores del Maíz, Cintéotl y Chicomecóatl. Nacieron con la llegada de las lluvias, entregaron Sus cuerpos, Su carne, para que comiéramos. En Tonalco, que mueren, les agradecemos Su sacrificio y Su don de la vida.
Se realizan ofrendas a Itztlacoliuhqui, Nuestro Señor la Navaja Curva de Obsidiana, Señor de Tonalco. En Él encarna el principio del sacrificio, que honramos a través de Sus enseñanzas. Itztlacoliuhqui trae muerte cuando los campos se secan y Tonatiuh, el Sol, quema la Tierra, pues sólo gracias a la muerte puede resurgir la vida. Le agradecemos que nos recuerde nuestra deuda.
Se participa en temazcales y baños rituales para limpiar nuestra carne de la misma forma en que se limpió nuestra casa. Las personas temazcaleras agradecen a los Señores del Fuego, regentes de esta temporada. Reconocemos los dones de las Abuelas Piedras, de Chantico y de Tlazoltéotl, que nos limpian con el vapor y el fuego.
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